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重彩华章——广彩瓷器300年精华展览
展览地点:二层五展厅
展览时间:09:00-17:00

前言

 

广彩即广州织金彩瓷的简称,是清代专为外销而生产的釉上彩绘瓷器品种。当时为适应外销的需要,将景德镇所烧的素瓷坯运到广州后,根据外商的需求,加以彩绘,再经700℃—750℃烘烤而成。广彩始于清代康雍之间,盛于乾隆、嘉庆,终清一代不绝,流传至今。其工艺特点是吸收传统的五彩和粉彩技艺。17—18世纪,广彩逐步形成鲜明个性之时,同时也正值欧洲洛可可风尚和中国热风靡之至。因而作为外销瓷品种之一,广彩瓷器的器形有部分模仿自西方的银器;而纹饰亦大量地模仿西方的艺术形式,以浓烈的色彩和弯曲妙曼的线条,迎合当时西方人的审美情趣,不少作品体现出浓厚的洛可可艺术风格。19世纪以后,广彩因市场的变化导致了风格的突变,构图丰满、色彩绚丽、金碧辉煌的风格成为广彩的典型特色而流传至今。广彩因它的外销特征而使它兼容了东西文化的内涵,成为了中西文化互动和交流的载体。在其三百多年的发展历程中,既曾经辉煌,也充满了曲折与艰辛。2008年,广彩被列入“第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录”,国家与地方政府正不断地加大保护与扶持广彩的力度,力图使广彩这枝明艳夺目、独具魅力的瓷艺之花愈开愈盛。为了更好地弘扬民族传统文化,广东省博物馆从馆藏中精心挑选出50余件/套精美的广彩瓷器以飨观众,力图能较全面地展示广彩的发展历程和独特魅力。

 


Foreword

 

Guangcai porcelain, which is short for Guangzhou painted and gilt porcelain, is a kind of over-glazed porcelain specially made to export in Qing dynasty. In order to meet the demand of foreign trade, biscuits were decorated according to the requirements of foreign merchants and fired at 700℃-750℃ after they were transported to Guangzhou from Jingdezhen. Guangcai porcelain emerged in the period of Kangxis reign and Yongzhengs reign, thrived in the period of Qianlongs reign and Jiaqings reign and developed throughout the Qing dynasty and has been passed so far. From the 17th century to the 18th century ,Guangcai porcelain has been forming its distinct personality.Meanwhile,A considerable number of products were characterized with the Rococo style. Since Guangcai porcelain was a kind of popular export product, besides absorbing traditional techniques for polychrome-painted and famille rose porcelain, some parts of its shape imitated western silverware, most of its decorations imitated the western artistic forms by applying intense colours and winding graceful lines to cater for westerners aesthetic tastes.Since 19 century, the sudden change of Guangcai with its rich composition, gorgeous colors and resplendent style has become its typical characterstic and spread so far on account of the fluctuating marketing environment.

 

As the export product, Guangcai porcelain combines the essence of both eastern and western cultures, and becomes the agent of cultural communication. In the development over 300 years, Guangcai porcelain has been through its golden age as well as difficulties. In 2008, it was included in the second batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the growing support from the nation and local governments endeavor to sustain this unique technique of Guangcai porcelain.

 

In order to promote the cultural heritage of the nation, Guangdong Museum, presents over 50 beautiful pieces of Guangcai porcelain from museum collections. The exhibition aims to reveal the development and the beauty of Guangcai from different perspectives.

 

 

广彩雕瓷花卉纹盖瓶

Guangcai covered vase with design of flowers in relief

 

·乾隆 17361795年)

 Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Period 17361795

 

瓶直口,溜肩,鼓腹,胫部内收,圈足。帽形盖,盖

顶为一立狮钮,盖面堆贴葡萄花卉纹,瓶身堆贴葡萄、

松鼠纹,寓意多子多福。腹部主题纹饰开光内绘西式

花卉花蝶纹。造型优美,色彩斑斓,装饰华丽,是乾

隆时期佳作。

 

 

广彩人物花瓣形扁瓶

Guangcai flat vase with design of figures and flowers

 

·乾隆 17361795年)

 Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Period 17361795

 

瓶花瓣口,长颈微束,扁腹,菱形足。颈部设对称开光,

内绘花卉纹,腹部开光主题纹饰人物风景图,其余空间

以干大红为地、黑彩描金人字锦地纹满贯全瓶。

 

 

广彩开光人物纹茶叶罐

Guangcai tea container  with design of figures in reserved panels

 

·乾隆 17361795年)

 Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Period 17361795

 

罐圆直口,溜肩,方形扁腹。通体绘锦地纹,腹部开光主题

绘饰“满大人”图案。人物表情生动,绘画借鉴西洋技法,

色面有明暗过渡,富有立体感。  

 

 

广彩开光人物故事图大碗

Guangcai bowl with design of figural scenes in reserved panels

 

·道光 18211850年)

 Qing Dynasty, Daoguang Period 18211850

 

碗敞口,深弧腹,圈足。内、外口沿处绘花蝶纹边饰,外边饰

中间绘花体字母纹章。碗壁内外通体绘开光人物故事图。色彩

华丽,纹饰繁密,人物众多,形象各异,栩栩如生。

 

 

广彩花鸟纹盘

Guangcai plate with design of flowers and birds

 

·光绪 18751908年)

 Qing Dynasty, Guangxu Period 18751908

 

盘敞口,折腰,圈足。盘内绘花卉、蝴蝶、杂宝,以及四组

对称的花卉蝴蝶图案,盘心圆形开光内绘一雄狮立于橄榄枝

上,以墨彩书波斯文:“穆罕默德·阿里订购,拥有者为商人

卡沙尼,1311年。”文中的1311年为伊斯兰历,相当于公元

1890年(光绪十六年)。

 

 

广彩“紫荆吐艳”纹挂盘 (司徒宁

Guangcai hanging plate with design of redbud blossoms (Painted by Situ Ning)

 

1997

 

此盘是著名广彩大师司徒宁先生于1997庆祝香港回归而

创作。盘内绘盛开的紫荆花,小鸟展翅飞翔,象征香港回到祖

国怀抱,绘画精工、秀美,意义深远。

 

 

广彩人物图带盖奖杯

Guangcai covered trophycup with  lid and  design of Figures

 

·乾隆 17361795年)

 Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Period 17361795

 

此为奖杯造型的陈设器。瓶直口、丰肩、喇叭形足,子母

口,带狮钮盖。肩部至胫部附对称双螭龙耳。开光内绘主

题纹饰庭院人物图。其余绘花卉纹,并饰以贴塑松鼠葡萄

纹。纹饰丰满,色彩华丽。

 

 

广彩洛克菲勒式人物纹汤盅连托盘

Guangcai soup tureen and saucer with design of figures

 

·乾隆 17361795年)

 Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Period 17361795